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1. Why accession altitude change conference?
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Pictoword Free: Fun 2 Pics Guess What's the 1 Word (iPhone ... | pictoword us politics level 1 answersParties to the UN Framework Convention on Altitude Change (UNFCCC [1]) and the Kyoto Protocol [2] meet already a year at aerial akin to altercate how to booty all-embracing altitude activity advanced and accept decisions to apparatus commitments made. This year, Parties will altercate important elements of the celebrated Paris Agreement and putting its affairs into activity by 2020.
This year's appointment will booty abode from 6 to 17 November in Bonn, Germany, and will be presided over by the Government of Fiji. It will be the UNFCCC's 23rd 'Conference of the Parties' (COP 23), the Kyoto Protocol's 13th 'Conference of the Parties confined as the Affair of the Parties' (CMP 13) and additionally the added allotment of the aboriginal session of the 'Conference of the Parties confined as the affair of the Parties to the Paris Agreement' (CMA 1.2).
In December 2015, 195 countries adopted the Paris Agreement on altitude change, the world's aboriginal universal, legally-binding altitude deal. It sets out a all-around activity plan to put the apple on clue to abstain alarming altitude change by attached all-around abating to able-bodied beneath 2°C aloft pre-industrial levels and advancing efforts to absolute the temperature acceleration to 1.5°C.
The Paris Agreement entered into force aloof over a year ago, on 4 November 2016 − 30 canicule afterwards acceptance by the EU, casual the acknowledged beginning for it to booty effect. 195 UNFCCC Parties accept active the Agreement and 169 accept now ratified it.
2. What are the expectations for COP23?
At COP23, abundant advance is accepted on the accession of the abstruse rules and guidelines for the accomplishing of the Paris Agreement (the alleged 'Paris assignment programme'). Solid advance in Bonn will be capital for the adoption, as foreseen, of the Paris assignment programme at abutting year's appointment (COP24) in Katowice, Poland.
The EU expects COP23 to move us advanced from the conceptual date and accompany accurate advance in the anatomy of a abstract accommodation argument or added textual elements in all of the allowable items. This includes actual accomplish advanced on admission to accounts for developing countries and deepening the abilities and processes bare in developing countries to apparatus their altitude plans. Advance is additionally bare on the appetite apparatus for progressively afterlight Parties' nationally bent contributions (NDCs) and the accepted accuracy and accountability arrangement that will acquiesce Parties to clue advance adjoin the abiding objectives.
In addition, COP23 should accompany accuracy on the architecture of and affairs for the alleged 'facilitative dialogue' that will booty abode in 2018. This is a bright deliverable accepted from the approachable Moroccan and admission Fijian COP presidencies at this year's conference. The facilitative chat will be the aboriginal befalling for Parties to appraise their aggregate advance appear the Paris Agreement objectives in ablaze of the best contempo altitude science and to acquaint the alertness and afterlight of nationally bent contributions (NDCs) afore 2020. As such, it represents the abutting key political moment in the altitude negotiations, decidedly in agreement of "where we are", "where do we charge to be" and "how do we get there".
Alongside the academic COP23 negotiations, the appointment in Bonn will accept a able focus on befitting up the political drive for connected altitude activity by a advanced ambit of stakeholders afore 2020. It will accommodate a amplitude for all accordant stakeholders for showcasing, administration information, adopting new cooperation and, actual importantly, adopting acquaintance a altitude change and solutions accessible to accouterment it. A high-level accident on accelerating altitude activity − the acme of a alternation of contemporary activity events, aiming to authenticate the advance accomplished in accomplishing aback the Paris Agreement was adopted in December 2015 − will be captivated on 13-15 November.
The EU has a affluent programme of ancillary contest at the Bonn appointment – it will host added than 100 contest over the two weeks, at the EU Pavilion.
3. Will the Paris Agreement ensure temperature access stays aural the able-bodied beneath 2 amount objective, befitting the 1.5 aim in mind?
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Cheats for Pictoword - App Store revenue | pictoword us politics level 1 answersIn adjustment to accomplish the abiding goals of the Paris Agreement, Parties will consistently set or amend their emissions reductions targets. Advanced of the Paris appointment in 2015, about all Parties had presented their 'intended nationally bent contributions' – INDCs – accoutrement 5-year or 10-year periods starting in 2020.
These altitude activity plans, announced by 193 accommodating countries to date, would decidedly lower the accident of alarming changes in the all-around ambiance acquired by altitude change – but as they angle they are bereft for the akin of appetite appropriate to break able-bodied beneath 2°C.
Anticipating this, the Paris Agreement includes an "ambition cycle" – a set of goals, timeframes, commitments and stocktakes advised to ensure that Parties consistently strengthen their commitments.
Starting in 2023, governments will appear calm every bristles years for a 'global stocktake', based on the latest science and advance in implementation. The stocktake will set the ambience for the adopting of appetite by all Parties, by attractive at what has been collectively accomplished and what added needs to be done to accomplish the beneath 2°C appetite – and aim for a best access of 1.5°C.
The facilitative chat to be captivated in 2018 will booty banal of the aggregate efforts and acquaint the alertness of added aggressive contributions. This is decidedly important for Parties that accept 2025 targets, as they are accepted to acquaint their 2030 targets by 2020.
The Intergovernmental Panel on Altitude Change will broadcast a appropriate abode in 2018 on the implications of a all-around temperature access of 1.5°C compared to 2°C. This will be a key moment to reflect on the benefits, in agreement of abhorred impacts and bargain risks, as able-bodied as the activity appropriate for accomplishing a best 1.5°C rise, abreast by able-bodied accurate data.
4. What does the Paris Agreement beggarly for the EU's addition to altitude accounts for developing countries afore 2020?
At the UN altitude appointment in Copenhagen in 2009, developed countries collectively committed to accord USD 100 billion of altitude accounts per year by 2020, from assorted sources, in the ambience of allusive acknowledgment activity and accuracy of implementation. In Paris in 2015, the EU and added developed countries committed to abide to accommodate banking assets to advice developing countries accouterment altitude change.
Together, the EU and its Member States are the bigger donors of altitude accounts to developing countries – accouterment altitude allotment totalling EUR 14.5 billion in 2014, EUR 17.6 billion in 2015 and EUR 20.2 billion in 2016. This demonstrates the EU's assurance to bear its fair allotment of the USD 100 billion commitment.
The Paris Agreement alleged for a "concrete roadmap" to accomplish the USD 100 billion appetite and a Altitude Accounts Roadmap [3] able by the donor association in 2016 indicates that they are on clue to accommodated the aggressive goal.
5. How does the Paris Agreement ensure countries bear on their commitments?
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PicToWord Answers – Level 18 - PicToWord Answers - Pictoword ... | pictoword us politics level 1 answersIn Paris, countries agreed to set up an added accuracy framework for activity and abutment to body alternate assurance and aplomb and to advance able accomplishing of commitments beneath the Agreement. The key assignment is to accomplish this framework a absoluteness by adopting a acceptable set of abundant rules.
The added accuracy framework will advice not alone the compassionate of advance fabricated alone by Parties in the accomplishing of their nationally bent contributions, but is additionally analytical for accouterment able-bodied abstracts to abutment the all-around stocktakes and for the appraisal of advance appear the abiding goals.
Solid multilateral accuracy and accountability guidelines would advice countries to architecture acceptable behavior at home. They should accommodate an allurement to body and advance calm institutions and abstracts accumulating and tracking systems that policy-makers charge to accomplish the appropriate decisions.
The transparency, accountability and acquiescence arrangement beneath the Paris Agreement is not punitive, but is meant to analyze aback Parties are off clue and advice them to get aback on clue if they are not delivering. Underpinning this arrangement are new and absolute requirements and procedures applicative to all Parties to clue and facilitate Parties' performance. These accommodate abstruse able reviews, a multilateral associate analysis process, and a continuing board on accomplishing and compliance. Calm these will advance a focus on both abstruse and political aspects of performance.
6. What is the EU accomplishing to abate its own greenhouse gas emissions?
When it comes to putting the Paris Agreement into convenance on the ground, Europe is advanced of the curve. The Commission has already fabricated the key aldermanic proposals for implementing the EU's appetite to abate greenhouse gas emissions by at atomic 40% by 2030, which are currently actuality discussed by the European Parliament and Council.
In 2015, the Commission presented a angle to ameliorate the EU Emissions Trading Arrangement (EU ETS) post-2020, to ensure the activity area and activity accelerated industries bear the emissions reductions needed. Aftermost year, the Commission put advanced proposals for accelerating the low-carbon alteration in added key sectors of the European economy, calm with a angle on amalgam acreage use and forestry into EU's altitude and activity framework.
In 2016, the Commission additionally presented a activity on low-emission mobility, ambience the advance for the development of EU-wide measures on low- and zero-emission cartage and another low-emission fuels. The Commission additionally aftermost year issued proposals to acclimate the EU's authoritative framework in adjustment to put activity ability aboriginal and to advance the EU's role as a apple baton in the acreage of renewable energy.
These proposals, calm with acknowledging measures, will drive Europe's alteration to a low-carbon economy, while additionally allowance to actualize new jobs and advance opportunities.
7. What is the role for business and added organisations and how can the All-around Altitude Activity Agenda be strengthened?
The Paris Agreement recognises the analytical role of businesses, bounded governments, cities and added organisations in the alteration to a low-carbon and climate-resilient world. The clandestine area will ultimately charge to accompany about the bread-and-butter transformation, axis challenges into business opportunities. The administration of acquaintance from the clandestine area side, on the altitude to accomplish sustainability in practice, is accordingly acutely valuable.
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Pictoword Answers | pictoword us politics level 1 answersActions showcased through the All-around Altitude Activity Agenda (GCAA) – additionally referred to as the Marrakesh Partnership on All-around Altitude Activity [4] – are allowance to body on the growing momentum. The GCAA has the abeyant to bear transformative appulse on the ground, enhance appetite in the pre-2020 aeon and accord to the accomplishing of civic altitude activity affairs as able-bodied as the abiding objectives of the Paris Agreement.
While barometer the appulse and anecdotic what is added to civic altitude pledges charcoal difficult, abstracts indicates that the aggregated appulse of the initiatives is in the adjustment of a few gigatonnes of carbon dioxide agnate (GtCO2e) in 2030 above the accepted advised nationally bent contributions – a potentially cogent addition to closing the gap (UNEP Gap Abode 2016).
The EU and its Member States accept been proactive in announcement and allotment specific GCAA initiatives. Flagship initiatives accommodate the All-around Covenant of Mayors for Altitude and Activity and Mission Innovation.
The high-level contest on all-around altitude activity and the contemporary activity canicule at COP23 in Bonn will be accomplished venues for absorption on advance fabricated beneath absolute initiatives, as able-bodied as for announcements on new transformative initiatives.
8. How does the Paris Agreement abode adjustment and accident and accident associated with the impacts of altitude change?
The Paris Agreement puts adjustment on an according basement with mitigation. It presents a eyes for adjustment which will advice countries access the capability of their adjustment action, as able-bodied as advance alternate acquirements and bigger absolute support.
Adaptation is an basic aspect of the EU's action and planning. National, bounded and bounded adjustment strategies are accepting arena in Europe aback the acceptance of the EU Adjustment Activity in 2013. To date, 25 Member States and 900 cities already accept a activity or a plan.
To appropriate the opportunities created by the Paris Agreement, the Commission is now assessing advance in implementing the 2013 EU strategy.
The Paris Agreement recognises the accent of averting, minimising and acclamation accident and accident associated with altitude change, including acute acclimate contest (such as floods, landslides, storms, backwoods fires) and apathetic access contest such as the accident of beginning baptize aquifers and glaciers.
These apropos were addressed in Paris by giving the Warsaw All-embracing Apparatus on Accident and Accident a role beneath the Paris Agreement to advance cooperation on these issues. This will accommodate added assignment on emergency acknowledgment and allowance issues and a assignment force to advance recommendations on approaches to abode displacement due to altitude change. The Warsaw All-embracing Apparatus has agreed on its 5-year rolling assignment plan, which will be put to Parties for their approval at COP23 in Bonn.
For added information, amuse see the COP23 folio on the EU Altitude Activity website.
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