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It was an doubtful story, and yet, it's true. Ron Chernow's 2005 adventures of a Caribbean drop who became a Revolutionary War hero, and afresh one of the nation's best consequential founding figures, became not aloof a album but the agitator for one of the best acknowledged Broadway hits of all time — Hamilton.
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23 Hamilton Lyrics That Prove This Musical Is The Best | my name is alexander hamiltonNow, Chernow has a new book, aloof out this week, which additionally aims to alter our compassionate of a amount he sees as disregarded and misunderstood: The 18th admiral of the United States, Ulysses S. Grant. In it, Chernow aims to adjust the way Americans anticipate about the man who not alone led the Union Army into achievement during the Civilian War but additionally led the country during the agitated era that followed.
Chernow says that afterwards autograph about Alexander Hamilton and George Washington, he absitively to accord the Founding Fathers a rest. "And I had consistently had a fantasy about accomplishing a big, across-the-board adventure about the Civilian War and Reconstruction. And Ulysses S. Grant is actually the axial amount that unites those two periods, and it fascinates me that there are so abounding Americans who apperceive about the Civilian War battles in affectionate detail, but they apperceive annihilation about Reconstruction," he says.
On why Grant was demonized afterwards the Civilian War
In abounding ways, the North won the Civilian War militarily and afresh absent the peace. You know, a accumulation of writers, included abounding Confederate generals, began a academy of anticipation alleged the Absent Cause in which they began to aggrandize the Confederacy. They said that the disciplinarian had all been happy. They said that the war was not acquired by slavery, the war was acquired by states' rights. They said that Robert E. Lee was the abundant general. And not alone the greater general, but he was a absolute Christian gentleman, and he embodied all of these blue-blooded values. And the added that Robert E. Lee was animated by many, decidedly Southern historians, you know, allotment of that was actually disturbing bottomward and abusive Ulysses S. Grant.
On Grant's bashfulness and abhorrence of war and bloodshed
I anticipate that was one of the best acceptable ancestry of Ulysses S. Grant, in fact. You know, anybody knows him for the acclaimed memoirs that he wrote in the aftermost year of his life. And Grant alone wrote those memoirs beneath duress. The alone acumen that he absitively to address the memoirs was a year afore he dies, two things happened about simultaneously: Number one, he becomes the victim of the Bernie Madoff of his day, a adolescent man alleged Ferdinand Ward, who was active a Ponzi scheme. Grant anticipation he was a multimillionaire. He woke up one morning and activate out that he was account actually $80 and had been wiped out. Around the aforementioned time, he's diagnosed with blight of the throat and tongue, so he's abashed that he's activity to die and leave his wife destitute.
So he writes the memoirs, afresh in disturbing pain, his apperception generally fogged by painkillers. And his administrator is Mark Twain. It becomes the abundant bestseller. And Twain said that his own role — adverse to belief that he wrote it — Twain said that his own role was belted to about atomic affairs of punctuation and grammar. And I actually went bottomward to the Library of Congress and went through every folio of the arrangement aloof to verify that it was in Grant's handwriting. And it was, except for some passages at the very, actual end aback he was abutting to death, and you could see he was dictating to his son or a stenographer.
On Grant's angle about the address of all people
Well, it's a alluring adventure because Grant grows up in an abolitionist ancestors in southwest Ohio. He marries into a slave-owning ancestors in Missouri. So he finds himself in the average of his own clandestine civilian war amid the Grants and the Dents. So what happens, you know, during the war with the Emancipation Proclamation, the Union Army can activate to recruit and alternation atramentous soldiers. And Grant, who was a actual honest man, sees at a abode alleged Milliken's Bend in 1863 that, in fact, the atramentous soldiers are abnormally adventuresome and disciplined. And, of course, their activity could not accept been higher. So Grant becomes the above force in agreement of recruiting atramentous soldiers.
People don't apprehend — you know, we had an advocate accepted activity aback to George Washington, but there was no Justice Department until Grant's aboriginal appellation in office. And the actual anniversary that the Justice Department was created, Grant appointed a crusading man from Georgia alleged Amos Akerman. And Grant was the above force abaft article alleged the Ku Klux Klan Act.
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All About Lin-Manuel Miranda's Final Hamilton Performance ... | my name is alexander hamiltonAmos Akerman brings 3,000 indictments, gets added than a thousand aesthetics and crushes the Klan at a time aback no Southern sheriff would arrest a affiliate of the Klan. No Southern board would absolve a affiliate of the Klan. No Southern white would affirm adjoin the Klan.
On his hopes for Grant's reputation
The burlesque of his admiral was that it was, you know, decrepit by corruption, and bribery and cronyism. But to my mind, the big adventure of his admiral is he's actually acute in adventuresome activity in agreement of attention those four actor above disciplinarian who are now full-fledged American citizens, but who were beneath connected blackmail from the Klan in the South. And, you know, aback — in 1948, Arthur Schlesinger Jr. did a poll of presidential historians, allurement them to rank them in order. And Grant was bottomward abutting to the bottom. In fact, I anticipate Warren Harding was last, and Grant was abutting to last. Well, in the best contempo ranking, Grant was 22, which meant that he was appropriate in the middle. And I anticipate that in the banal bazaar of actual reputations, Grant's banal is actually rising.
This adventure was produced for radio by Jennifer Liberto and Matthew S. Schwartz, and acclimatized for the web by Petra Mayer.
MICHEL MARTIN, HOST:
It was an doubtful story, and yet, it's true. His 2005 adventures of a Caribbean drop who became a Revolutionary War hero, and afresh one of the nation's best consequential founding figures, became not aloof a album but the agitator for one of the best acknowledged Broadway hits of all time, a hip-hop agreeable no less.
(SOUNDBITE OF PERFORMANCE OF PLAY, "HAMILTON")
UNIDENTIFIED MAN #1: (Singing) And the world's activity to apperceive your name. What's your name, man?
LIN-MANUEL MIRANDA: (Singing) Alexander Hamilton. My name is Alexander Hamilton.
MARTIN: We're talking Ron Chernow, whose adventures of Alexander Hamilton has sparked a massive reevaluation of America's aboriginal treasury secretary. And now, Ron Chernow has a new book, aloof out this week, which additionally aims to alter our compassionate of a amount he sees as disregarded and misunderstood, the 18th admiral of the United States, Ulysses S. Grant. In it, Chernow aims to adjust the way Americans anticipate about the man who not alone led the Union Army into achievement during the Civilian War but additionally led the country during the agitated era that followed. And Ron Chernow is with us now from our studios in New York City. Mr. Chernow, acknowledge you so abundant for actuality with us.
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8tracks radio | My Name Is Alexander Hamilton (13 songs) | free ... | my name is alexander hamiltonRON CHERNOW: Oh, it's such a amusement to accompany you. Acknowledge you.
MARTIN: Well, how did you adjudge what your abutting activity would be afterwards the absurd success of "Hamilton," which is not article that - absolve me - I don't apperceive that anyone could accept predicted that.
CHERNOW: (Laughter) Well, I anticipation that, you know, accepting done Alexander Hamilton and George Washington, I should apparently accord our Founding Fathers a blow from me for a while. And I had consistently had a fantasy about accomplishing a big, across-the-board adventure about the Civilian War and Reconstruction. And Ulysses S. Grant is actually the axial amount that unites those two periods, and it fascinates me that there are so abounding Americans who apperceive about the Civilian War battles in affectionate detail, but they apperceive annihilation about Reconstruction. And if you don't apperceive annihilation about Reconstruction, you've absolved out in the average of the play.
MARTIN: Why is it that Grant has been so demonized? I mean, I'll acquaint you, as a kid who grew up in New York City, I bethink activity to Grant's tomb. And I bethink that it was in disrepair, not able-bodied kept at all. I won't go into the capacity of how it affectionate of smelled.
CHERNOW: New Yorkers apperceive what you're talking about (laughter).
MARTIN: You apperceive what I mean? How - why is it? And afresh I go to, say, Gettysburg, which is in Pennsylvania, which was allotment of the Union. And you would not anticipate the Union won the war accustomed the Confederate affectionate of attendance there. So how is it that Grant became the goat?
CHERNOW: You know, in abounding ways, the North won the Civilian War militarily and afresh absent the peace. You know, a accumulation of writers, included abounding Confederate generals, began a academy of anticipation alleged The Absent Cause in which they began to aggrandize the Confederacy. They said that the disciplinarian had all been happy. They said that the war was not acquired by slavery, the war was acquired by states' rights. They said that Robert E. Lee was the abundant general. And not alone the greater general, but he was a absolute Christian gentleman, and he embodied all of these blue-blooded values. And the added that Robert E. Lee was animated by abounding decidedly Southern historians, you know, allotment of that was actually disturbing bottomward and abusive Ulysses S. Grant.
MARTIN: Well, the added point you accomplish is that although, for whatever reason, bodies absitively to characterize him afterwards on in activity as this affectionate of bloodthirsty antic - that he hated war - he was actually afflicted by the accident of life. And he was bashful in a way that I anticipate abounding avant-garde associates of our aggressive will recognize. He did not like to boast. He did not like to - he didn't like to allocution about it.
CHERNOW: I anticipate that was one of the best acceptable ancestry of Ulysses S. Grant, in fact. You know, anybody knows him for the acclaimed memoirs that he wrote in the aftermost year of his life. And Grant alone wrote those memoirs beneath duress. The alone acumen that he absitively to address the memoirs was a year afore he dies, two things happened about simultaneously.
Number one, he becomes the victim of the Bernie Madoff of his day, a adolescent man alleged Ferdinand Ward, who was active a Ponzi scheme. Grant anticipation he was a multimillionaire. He woke up one morning and activate out that he was account actually $80 and had been wiped out. Around the aforementioned time, he's diagnosed with blight of the throat and tongue, so he's abashed that he's activity to die and leave his wife destitute.
["613.04"]
Broadway rocks the Grammys with Lin-Manuel Miranda's 'Hamilton ... | my name is alexander hamiltonSo he writes the memoirs afresh in disturbing pain, his apperception generally fogged by painkillers. And his administrator is Mark Twain. It becomes the abundant bestseller. And Twain said that his own role - adverse to belief that he wrote it - Twain said that his own role was belted to about atomic affairs of punctuation and grammar and actually went bottomward to the Library of Congress and went through every folio of the arrangement aloof to verify (laughter) that it was in Grant's handwriting. And it was, except for some passages at the very, actual end aback he was abutting to death, and you could see he was dictating to his son or a stenographer.
MARTIN: So acquaint us added about Grant. What were some of the things - again, we can alone blemish the surface. I'm actually analytical about area Grant's aesthetics came from in attention to his angle about the address of all people. I mean, his own wife endemic slaves.
CHERNOW: Well, it's a alluring adventure because Grant grows up in an abolitionist ancestors in southwest Ohio. He marries into a slave-owning ancestors in Missouri. So he finds himself in the average of his own clandestine civilian war amid the Grants and the Dents. So what happens, you know, during the war with the Emancipation Proclamation, the Union Army can activate to recruit and alternation atramentous soldiers. And Grant, who was a actual honest man, sees at a abode alleged Milliken's Bend in 1863 that, in fact, the atramentous soldiers are abnormally adventuresome and disciplined. And, of course, their activity could not accept been higher.
So Grant becomes the above force in agreement of recruiting atramentous soldiers. And Frederick Douglass said, let the atramentous soldier backpack a blaster and accept bullets in his pocket, and annihilation can anticipate him from earning citizenship afterwards the war. And he was right. So the 13th Amendment abolishes slavery. The 14th gives African-Americans abounding allowances of American citizenship.
And afresh the 15th Amendment, best importantly, best controversially, gives blacks - at least, atramentous males - the appropriate to vote. And Frederick Douglass said - and I adduce - "to Grant the negro owes added than any added man, you know, his enfranchisement." But this is what triggers off a agitated backfire in the South for the simple acumen blacks accomplish up added than a third of the Southern population. And there were states like South Carolina and Mississippi, area blacks accomplish up the majority of the population. And this is area the administration of alarm of the Ku Klux Klan comes in.
MARTIN: And not alone that. I mean, he oversaw conception of the Justice Department. One of its aims is to accompany indictments adjoin the Ku Klux Klan, to try to drove the Klan.
CHERNOW: Yeah, absolutely. Bodies don't apprehend - you know, we had an advocate accepted activity aback to George Washington, but there was no Justice Department until Grant's aboriginal appellation in office. And the actual anniversary that the Justice Department was created, Grant appointed a crusading man from Georgia alleged Amos Akerman. And Grant was the above force abaft article alleged the Ku Klux Klan Act.
Amos Akerman brings 3,000 indictments, gets added than a thousand aesthetics and crushes the Klan at a time aback no Southern sheriff would arrest a affiliate of the Klan. No Southern board would absolve a affiliate of the Klan. No Southern white would affirm adjoin the Klan. And, Michel, there had been bags - I mean, actually thousands, of blacks murdered after a distinct prosecution.
MARTIN: Accustomed the bulge that you now accept both as an historian, but as a accepted ability figure, you know, what are you acquisitive will appear aback bodies amend Ulysses Grant?
CHERNOW: The burlesque of his admiral was that it was, you know, decrepit by corruption, and bribery and cronyism. But to my mind, the big adventure of his admiral is he's actually acute in adventuresome activity in agreement of attention those 4 actor above disciplinarian who are now full-fledged American citizens, but who were beneath connected blackmail from the Klan in the South. And, you know, aback - in 1948, Arthur Schlesinger Jr. did a poll of presidential historians, allurement them to rank them in order. And Grant was bottomward abutting to the bottom. In fact, I anticipate Warren Harding was last, and Grant was abutting to last. Well, in the best contempo ranking, Grant was 22, which meant that he was appropriate in the middle. And I anticipate that in the banal bazaar of actual reputations, Grant's banal is actually rising.
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My name is Alexander Hamilton | King County Library System | my name is alexander hamiltonMARTIN: That is Ron Chernow. He is the champ of the Pulitzer Prize for a biography. His latest book is "Grant." Mr. Chernow abutting us from our studios in New York. Acknowledge you so abundant for speaking with us. It's been a pleasure.
CHERNOW: Such a abysmal pleasure. Acknowledge you. Transcript provided by NPR, Copyright NPR.
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